New technologies of information and communication (ICT) lead, by their specific dynamic, to widen this traditional framework of understanding. First of all, standardization takes a new direction when the contexts of innovation are open and when the traditional separation of the technical layers is no more evident.
Then, the multiplication and the competition between the aggregation platforms to capturing the relation with the consumer tend to make the technical standards evolve from the market standards with the result that standardization is currently related less to the technical functionalities than more and more directly to the control of the uses.
The expansion of network demonstrates that the traditional forms of standardization are not necessarily contradictory but that they create potential conflicts of normativity.

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